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El Niño—The Dynamic Response of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean to Atmospheric Forcing
El Niñ o—The Dynamic Response Atmospheric Forcing Equatorial Pacific Ocean
2009/3/24
El Niño is the occasional appearance of warm water off the coast of Peru; its presence results in catastrophic consequences in the fishing industry. A new theory for the occurrence of El Ni&nti...
Fluctuations of the Dynamic Topography in the Pacific Ocean
Dynamic Topography Pacific Ocean
2009/3/24
The dynamic topography of the Pacific Ocean has been mapped and its mean annual and random variability has been investigated using approximately 66,600 hydrographic stations. Largest annual fluctuatio...
A method is developed for the computation of dynamic height from temperature data alone by using a mean T-S relationship to provide salinity values. This method is tested at three Pacific weathership ...
The Dynamic Structure of the Frontal Zone in the Coastal Upwelling Region off Oregon
Frontal Zone Coastal Upwelling Region Coastal Upwelling Region
2009/3/7
We studied the frontal zone of the coastal upwelling region off Oregon, from observations made in two successive years. The measurements were made between July and September in 1965 and 1966. The alon...
Measuring Dynamic Heights with Inverted Echo Sounders:Results from MODE
Inverted Echo Sounders Measuring Dynamic Heights Results from MODE
2009/3/7
Inverted Echo Sounders (IES) were deployed during MODE at seven ocean bottom stations to acoustically monitor depth variations of the main thermocline. The IES transmits pulses of 10 kHZ sound and rec...
On Long-Wave Disturbances of Dynamic Height in the North Pacific
Dynamic Height On Long-Wave Disturbances North Pacific
2009/3/7
Long-wave disturbances of dynamic height in the North pacific are investigated by means of closely spaced STD (salinity, temperature, depth) stations and are related to atmospheric forcing. Wavelike d...
The Circulation in the Gulf of Mexico Derived from Estimated Dynamic Height Fields
Dynamic Height Fields Gulf of Mexico
2009/2/23
Monthly mean dynamic height topographies for the upper 500 m of the Gulf of Mexico, seasonal mean topographies for the upper 1000 m and annual topographies for the deep flow are presented. The dynamic...
Stochastic Dynamic Analysis of Polar Sea Ice Variability
Polar Sea Ice Variability Stochastic Dynamic Analysis
2009/2/19
The analysis of Arctic (1966–76) and Antarctic (1973–79) sea ice data is presented, and a dynamical model based on white noise atmospheric forcing, local stabilizing relaxation and lateral diffusion a...
Variability of Potential Energy, Dynamic Height and Salinity in the Main Pycnocline of the Western North Atlantic
Potential Energy Main Pycnocline Western North Atlantic
2009/2/13
Hydrographic data in the upper 2 km from the period 1914–73 have been analyzed in the western North Atlantic (22–36°N, 66–74°W). Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data were also analyzed and compared ...
Coastal Flow in the Northern Gulf of Alaska as Observed by Dynamic Topography and Satellite-Tracked Drogued Drift Buoys
Coastal Flow Dynamic Topography Satellite-Tracked Drogued Drift Buoys
2009/2/13
Drifting buoys and dynamic topography over the continental shelf in the northern Gulf of Alaska are used to describe the coastal circulation and flow in the offshelf Alaska Current. One permanent anti...
A numerical model for the simulation of sea ice circulation and thickness over a seasonal cycle is presented. This model is used to investigate the effects of ice dynamics on Arctic ice thickness and ...
Simulated Dynamic Balances for Mid-Ocean Mesoscale Eddies
Mid-Ocean Mesoscale Eddies Simulated Dynamic Balances
2009/2/13
Eulerian potential vorticity and heat balances calculated for a multi-layered quasi-geostrophic model are shown to be consistent with those inferred from the MODE data. Above the thermocline the balan...
For oceanic internal waves with vertical scales larger than 1 m the evolution of the spectrum is adequately described by weak-interaction theory. Based on simple physical arguments, a model for intern...
Dynamic Response Calibration of the Nell Brown Conductivity Cell
Dynamic Response Nell Brown Conductivity Cell
2009/2/7
Dynamic response calibrations and flow visualization studies have been made for the standard, 3 cm long conductivity cell produced by Neil Brown Instrument Systems. This probe is used on wire-lowered ...
The Feasibility of Dynamic Height Determination from Moored Temperature Sensors
Dynamic Height Moored Temperature Sensors
2009/1/20
The existence of a tight T-S relationship in the southwestern North Atlantic is used to convert temperature measurements from moored sensors to dynamic heights. Seven hydrographic cruises with intensi...