搜索结果: 1-15 共查到“预防医学与卫生学 SUBSTRATE”相关记录18条 . 查询时间(0.015 秒)
Energy metabolism, nitrogen balance, and substrate utilization in critically ill children
substrate oxidation pediatrics mechanical ventilation
2016/6/14
Critically ill patients are characterized by a hypermetabolic
state, a catabolic response, higher nutritional needs,
and a decreased capacity for utilization of parenteral substrate.
Substrate oxidation and control of food intake in men after a fat-substitute meal compared with meals supplemented with an isoenergetic load of carbohydrate, long-chain triacylglycerols, or medium-chain triacylglycerols
Humans hunger signal satiety
2016/6/14
It has been suggested that hunger may be delayed
and food intake reduced under metabolic conditions that spare
carbohydrate oxidation.
Effects of quality of energy on substrate oxidation in enterally fed, low-birth-weight infants
Low-birth-weight infants substrate oxidation carbon dioxide production
2016/6/14
Carbohydrate and fat may differ in their ability to
support energy-requiring physiologic processes, such as protein
synthesis and growth. If so, varying the constituents of infant
formula might be ...
Prolonged effects of modified sham feeding on energy substrate mobilization
glucagon insulin pancreatic polypeptide
2016/6/12
Vagal stimulation in response to nutrients is
reported to elicit an array of digestive and endocrine responses,
including an alteration in postprandial lipid metabolism.
Energy expenditure and substrate utilization in adults with cystic fibrosis and diabetes mellitus
Cystic fibrosis diabetes mellitus energy expenditure
2016/5/31
The onset of cystic fibrosis–related diabetes mellitus
(CFDM) is often associated with a decline in clinical and
nutritional status.
Adjustments in energy expenditure and substrate utilization during late pregnancy and lactation
Energy expenditure basal metabolic rate sleeping metabolic rate
2016/5/30
Metabolic adjustments occur during pregnancy
and lactation to support fetal growth and milk synthesis; however,
the effect of body composition and hormonal milieu on
these changes is poorly underst...
Trace element supplementation after major burns increases burned skin trace element concentrations and modulates local protein metabolism but not whole-body substrate metabolism1,2,3
Critical illness burns supplementation protein turnover wound healing trace elements
2008/12/9
Background: After major burns, patients exhibit an intense catabolism, and the wounds require surgery and grafting for closure. Complications, such as weight loss and delayed wound healing, are worsen...
Diacylglycerols affect substrate oxidation and appetite in humans
appetite diacylglycerols respiration chamber
2016/12/30
Twelve healthy, dietarily unrestrained women participated in a single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial with crossover design. For 3 d before and throughout a 36-h stay in a respiration cham...
Meals with similar energy densities but rich in protein, fat, carbohydrate, or alcohol have different effects on energy expenditure and substrate metabolism but not on appetite and energy intake
Satiety hunger macronutrient oxidation
2016/12/27
Intake of an alcohol-rich meal stimulates energy expenditure but suppresses fat oxidation and leptin more than do isoenergetically dense meals rich in protein, carbohydrate, or fat. Despite difference...
Effect of chewing gum containing nicotine and caffeine on energy expenditure and substrate utilization in men
Nicotine caffeine fatty acid oxidation
2017/1/3
One milligram of nicotine has a pronounced thermogenic effect, which can be increased by ≈100% by adding 100 mg caffeine. Increasing the nicotine dose to 2 mg does not increase the thermogenic effect ...
Snacks consumed in a nonhungry state have poor satiating efficiency:influence of snack composition on substrate utilization and hunger
Snack appetite satiety substrate oxidation metabolic response hormonal response behavioral response insulin glucose fatty acids obesity weight gain
2016/12/19
Background: Several epidemiologic studies suggest that snacking may play an etiologic role in obesity.Objective: We assessed the behavioral and metabolic consequences of a high-carbohydrate ...
The effect of etomoxir on 24-h substrate oxidation and satiety in humans
Hepatic fatty acid oxidation respiration chamber macronutrient composition obesity etomoxir
2016/12/19
Background: The carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase I (EC 2.3.1.21) inhibitor etomoxir inhibits fatty acid oxidation, and hepatic fatty acid oxidation has been suggested to be a metabolic ...
Extended effects of evening meal carbohydrate-to-fat ratio on fasting and postprandial substrate metabolism
Evening meal high-carbohydrate meal high-fat meal oral glucose tolerance test oral fat tolerance test triacylglycerol
2016/12/17
Background: High-fat and high-carbohydrate diets lead to insulin resistance, gastrointestinal adaptation, and high plasma triacylglycerol concentrations. It is unclear, however, how rapidly these...
Effect of 3 modified fats and a conventional fat on appetite,energy intake,energy expenditure,and substrate oxidation in healthy men
Obesity dietary fat medium-chain fatty acids long-chain fatty acids structured fats modified fats conventional fats appetite energy intake energy expenditure substrate oxidation men
2016/12/17
Background: Different dietary fats are metabolized differently in humans and may influence energy expenditure, substrate oxidation, appetite regulation, and body weight regulation.Objective: ...
Effects of acute ()-hydroxycitrate supplementation on substrate metabolism at rest and during exercise in humans1
Hydroxycitrate HCA Garcinia cambogia, fat oxidation obesity dietary supplement weight loss
2016/6/8
Background: ()-Hydroxycitrate (HCA), a competitive inhibitor
of ATP-citrate lyase, should reduce the extramitochondrial
acetyl-CoA pool. It has been hypothesized that HCA ingestion
can reduce malon...